Introduction
La curiosité m’a piqué après la lecture de ce post : Hello world
Du coup j’apporte ma contribution avec le language Nim
Tous les tests sont effectués sous :
Le code source sous Nim est des plus simple :
-bash-5.0# cat hello.nim
echo("Hello world")
-bash-5.0#
| Test case | Execution time | Total syscalls | Unique syscalls | Size (KiB) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nim (musl, static) | 0.00s real | 16 | 8 | 34.3 KiB |
| Nim (musl, dynamic) | 0.00s real | 18 | 9 | 30.6 KiB |
| Nim (glibc, static) | 0.00s real | 19 | 10 | 713.5 KiB |
| Nim (glibc, dynamic) | 0.00s real | 46 | 14 | 30.9 KiB |
| Nim (musl, static, upx) | 0.00s real | 34 | 13 | 17.8 KiB |
| Nim (glibc, static, upx) | 0.00s real | 37 | 14 | 280.3 KiB |
| Nim (musl, static, danger, upx) | 0.00s real | 34 | 13 | 15.0 KiB |
- Nim taille des binaires
- Nim - MUSL Static
- Nim - MUSL Dynamic
- Nim - GLIBC Static
- Nim - GLIBC Dynamic
- UPX
Nim - MUSL Static
-bash-5.0# nim --passL:-static -d:release --opt:size c hello.nim
Hint: used config file '/usr/lib/nim/config/nim.cfg' [Conf]
Hint: system [Processing]
Hint: widestrs [Processing]
Hint: io [Processing]
Hint: hello [Processing]
Hint: [Link]
Hint: operation successful (14431 lines compiled; 0.200 sec total; 15.976MiB peakmem; Release Build) [SuccessX]
-bash-5.0#
-bash-5.0# ls -l hello
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 54336 Jan 5 11:30 hello
-bash-5.0# strip -s ./hello
-bash-5.0# ls -l hello
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 34328 Jan 5 11:31 hello
-bash-5.0#
-bash-5.0# ./hello
Hello world
-bash-5.0#
-bash-5.0# file hello
hello: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, BuildID[sha1]=54b23b1f1bb2ca9598c64a9a844de962ba22622b, stripped
-bash-5.0# ldd hello
ldd: hello: Not a valid dynamic program
-bash-5.0#
-bash-5.0# strace -cwf ./hello
Hello world
% time seconds usecs/call calls errors syscall
------ ----------- ----------- --------- --------- ----------------
80.42 0.002932 2931 1 execve
6.26 0.000228 228 1 writev
3.12 0.000114 18 6 rt_sigaction
3.10 0.000114 56 2 mmap
2.46 0.000090 90 1 arch_prctl
2.42 0.000088 88 1 set_tid_address
1.64 0.000060 19 3 rt_sigprocmask
0.56 0.000020 20 1 ioctl
------ ----------- ----------- --------- --------- ----------------
100.00 0.003646 16 total
-bash-5.0#
Nim - MUSL Dynamic
-bash-5.0# cat hello.nim
echo("Hello world")
-bash-5.0#
-bash-5.0# nim -d:release --opt:size c hello.nim
Hint: used config file '/usr/lib/nim/config/nim.cfg' [Conf]
Hint: system [Processing]
Hint: widestrs [Processing]
Hint: io [Processing]
Hint: hello [Processing]
CC: hello.nim
Hint: [Link]
Hint: operation successful (14431 lines compiled; 0.250 sec total; 16.004MiB peakmem; Release Build) [SuccessX]
-bash-5.0#
-bash-5.0# ls -l hello
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 47128 Jan 5 11:27 hello
-bash-5.0# strip -s hello
-bash-5.0# ls -l hello
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 30696 Jan 5 11:27 hello
-bash-5.0#
-bash-5.0# ./hello
Hello world
-bash-5.0#
-bash-5.0# file hello
hello: ELF 64-bit LSB pie executable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, interpreter /lib/ld-musl-x86_64.so.1, BuildID[sha1]=355f1d6a54526a182a0cd5cd7ebdd78399735eff, stripped
-bash-5.0# ldd ./hello
/lib/ld-musl-x86_64.so.1 (0x7fe39a4f6000)
libc.so => /lib/ld-musl-x86_64.so.1 (0x7fe39a4f6000)
-bash-5.0#
-bash-5.0# strace -cwf ./hello
Hello world
% time seconds usecs/call calls errors syscall
------ ----------- ----------- --------- --------- ----------------
79.66 0.003090 3090 1 execve
5.64 0.000218 218 1 writev
3.66 0.000142 70 2 mprotect
3.04 0.000118 19 6 rt_sigaction
2.34 0.000090 90 1 set_tid_address
2.34 0.000090 90 1 arch_prctl
1.52 0.000060 19 3 rt_sigprocmask
1.30 0.000050 25 2 mmap
0.52 0.000020 20 1 ioctl
------ ----------- ----------- --------- --------- ----------------
100.00 0.003880 18 total
-bash-5.0#
Nim - GLIBC Static
-bash-5.0# nim --passL:-static -d:release --opt:size c hello.nim
Hint: used config file '/usr/lib/nim/config/nim.cfg' [Conf]
Hint: system [Processing]
Hint: widestrs [Processing]
Hint: io [Processing]
Hint: hello [Processing]
Hint: [Link]
Hint: operation successful (14431 lines compiled; 0.305 sec total; 16.008MiB peakmem; Release Build) [SuccessX]
-bash-5.0#
-bash-5.0# ls -l hello
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 799336 Jan 5 11:43 hello
-bash-5.0# strip -s ./hello
-bash-5.0# ls -l hello
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 713520 Jan 5 11:43 hello
-bash-5.0#
-bash-5.0# ./hello
Hello world
-bash-5.0#
-bash-5.0# file hello
hello: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (GNU/Linux), statically linked, BuildID[sha1]=0c9833550755f7aaa7b3017ea3e9d90ca8d92f02, for GNU/Linux 3.2.0, stripped
-bash-5.0# ldd hello
not a dynamic executable
-bash-5.0#
-bash-5.0# strace -cwf ./hello
Hello world
% time seconds usecs/call calls errors syscall
------ ----------- ----------- --------- --------- ----------------
76.70 0.002868 2867 1 execve
7.79 0.000291 72 4 brk
5.82 0.000218 217 1 write
3.33 0.000124 20 6 rt_sigaction
2.47 0.000092 92 1 readlink
1.25 0.000047 23 2 mmap
0.83 0.000031 30 1 fstat
0.62 0.000023 23 1 uname
0.62 0.000023 23 1 arch_prctl
0.58 0.000022 21 1 ioctl
------ ----------- ----------- --------- --------- ----------------
100.00 0.003739 19 total
-bash-5.0#
Nim - GLIBC Dynamic
-bash-5.0# cat hello.nim
echo("Hello world")
-bash-5.0#
-bash-5.0# nim -d:release --opt:size c hello.nim
Hint: used config file '/usr/lib/nim/config/nim.cfg' [Conf]
Hint: system [Processing]
Hint: widestrs [Processing]
Hint: io [Processing]
Hint: hello [Processing]
CC: stdlib_io.nim
CC: stdlib_system.nim
CC: hello.nim
Hint: [Link]
Hint: operation successful (14431 lines compiled; 0.895 sec total; 16.012MiB peakmem; Release Build) [SuccessX]
-bash-5.0#
-bash-5.0# ls -l hello
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 45792 Jan 5 11:42 hello
-bash-5.0# strip -s hello
-bash-5.0# ls -l hello
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 30952 Jan 5 11:42 hello
-bash-5.0#
-bash-5.0# file hello
hello: ELF 64-bit LSB pie executable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, interpreter /lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2, BuildID[sha1]=bc75b867f4aaa8c9af58ee29430b098b03de475f, for GNU/Linux 3.2.0, stripped
-bash-5.0#
-bash-5.0# ldd hello
linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007fffea4eb000)
libdl.so.2 => /usr/lib/libdl.so.2 (0x00007fdf53c1b000)
libc.so.6 => /usr/lib/libc.so.6 (0x00007fdf53a4d000)
/lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007fdf53c41000)
-bash-5.0#
-bash-5.0# ./hello
Hello world
-bash-5.0#
-bash-5.0# strace -cwf ./hello
Hello world
% time seconds usecs/call calls errors syscall
------ ----------- ----------- --------- --------- ----------------
61.30 0.003148 3148 1 execve
11.61 0.000596 42 14 mmap
6.70 0.000344 114 3 openat
3.99 0.000205 204 1 write
3.10 0.000159 159 1 1 access
2.59 0.000133 44 3 brk
2.20 0.000113 22 5 mprotect
2.14 0.000110 18 6 rt_sigaction
1.81 0.000093 23 4 fstat
1.77 0.000091 30 3 close
1.23 0.000063 31 2 read
0.82 0.000042 42 1 munmap
0.39 0.000020 19 1 ioctl
0.35 0.000018 18 1 arch_prctl
------ ----------- ----------- --------- --------- ----------------
100.00 0.005136 46 1 total
-bash-5.0#
UPX
Nim MUSL Static
-bash-5.0# upx --best ./hello
Ultimate Packer for eXecutables
Copyright (C) 1996 - 2018
UPX 3.95 Markus Oberhumer, Laszlo Molnar & John Reiser Aug 26th 2018
File size Ratio Format Name
-------------------- ------ ----------- -----------
34328 -> 17832 51.95% linux/amd64 hello
Packed 1 file.
-bash-5.0# ls -l hello
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 17832 Jan 5 11:31 hello
-bash-5.0# ./hello
Hello world
-bash-5.0# strace -cwf ./hello
Hello world
% time seconds usecs/call calls errors syscall
------ ----------- ----------- --------- --------- ----------------
65.78 0.002426 2425 1 execve
10.80 0.000398 36 11 mmap
5.82 0.000214 214 1 writev
4.10 0.000152 151 1 open
4.00 0.000148 29 5 mprotect
3.00 0.000110 18 6 rt_sigaction
1.60 0.000058 19 3 rt_sigprocmask
1.60 0.000058 58 1 readlink
1.00 0.000036 36 1 close
0.74 0.000028 27 1 munmap
0.54 0.000020 19 1 ioctl
0.54 0.000020 19 1 arch_prctl
0.48 0.000018 17 1 set_tid_address
------ ----------- ----------- --------- --------- ----------------
100.00 0.003688 34 total
-bash-5.0#
Nim GLIBC Static
-bash-5.0# upx --best hello
Ultimate Packer for eXecutables
Copyright (C) 1996 - 2018
UPX 3.95 Markus Oberhumer, Laszlo Molnar & John Reiser Aug 26th 2018
File size Ratio Format Name
-------------------- ------ ----------- -----------
713520 -> 280348 39.29% linux/amd64 hello
Packed 1 file.
-bash-5.0# ls -l hello
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 280348 Jan 5 11:43 hello
-bash-5.0# ./hello
Hello world
-bash-5.0# strace -cwf ./hello
Hello world
% time seconds usecs/call calls errors syscall
------ ----------- ----------- --------- --------- ----------------
60.51 0.002849 2849 1 execve
13.85 0.000652 59 11 mmap
7.59 0.000358 71 5 mprotect
4.23 0.000199 199 1 write
4.05 0.000191 190 1 open
2.45 0.000115 19 6 rt_sigaction
1.92 0.000091 22 4 brk
1.51 0.000071 35 2 readlink
1.12 0.000053 52 1 munmap
0.87 0.000041 41 1 close
0.51 0.000024 23 1 fstat
0.46 0.000022 21 1 ioctl
0.46 0.000022 21 1 uname
0.46 0.000022 21 1 arch_prctl
------ ----------- ----------- --------- --------- ----------------
100.00 0.004709 37 total
-bash-5.0#
Nim MUSL Static, avec option de compilation «danger»
bash-5.0# nim --passL:-static -d:release -d:danger --opt:size --app:console c hello.nim
Hint: used config file '/usr/lib/nim/config/nim.cfg' [Conf]
Hint: system [Processing]
Hint: widestrs [Processing]
Hint: io [Processing]
Hint: hello [Processing]
Hint: [Link]
Hint: operation successful (14431 lines compiled; 0.198 sec total; 16MiB peakmem; Dangerous Release Build) [SuccessX]
-bash-5.0# strip -s hello
-bash-5.0# ls -l hello
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 30232 Jan 5 16:21 hello
-bash-5.0# upx --best hello
Ultimate Packer for eXecutables
Copyright (C) 1996 - 2018
UPX 3.95 Markus Oberhumer, Laszlo Molnar & John Reiser Aug 26th 2018
File size Ratio Format Name
-------------------- ------ ----------- -----------
30232 -> 15092 49.92% linux/amd64 hello
Packed 1 file.
-bash-5.0# ls -l hello
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 15092 Jan 5 16:21 hello
-bash-5.0# strace -cwf ./hello
Hello world
% time seconds usecs/call calls errors syscall
------ ----------- ----------- --------- --------- ----------------
69.00 0.003034 3034 1 execve
12.64 0.000556 50 11 mmap
4.86 0.000214 214 1 open
2.78 0.000122 24 5 mprotect
2.78 0.000122 122 1 writev
2.58 0.000114 18 6 rt_sigaction
1.34 0.000060 19 3 rt_sigprocmask
1.06 0.000046 46 1 close
1.00 0.000044 44 1 readlink
0.62 0.000028 27 1 munmap
0.46 0.000020 19 1 arch_prctl
0.46 0.000020 19 1 ioctl
0.40 0.000018 17 1 set_tid_address
------ ----------- ----------- --------- --------- ----------------
100.00 0.004398 34 total
-bash-5.0#